Elaine Riot Project: Bibliography
 

Arnesen, Eric. "Charting as Independent Course: African American Railroad Workers in the World War I Era" Labor Histories : Class,Politics, and the Working-Class Experience.

Barton, Glen T. and McNealy, J.G. "Recent Changes in Farm Labor Orginaziation in Three Arkansas Plantation Counties," Preliminary Report, University of Arkansas College of Agriculture, Agricultural Experiment Station, Fayettevill, Arkansas, September 1939, 32, Special Collections Division, University of Arkansas Libraries, Fayetteville.

Butts, J.W. and James, Dorothy, "The Underlying Causes of the Elaine Riot of 1919," Arkansas Historical Quarterly20(Spring 1961): 95-104.

Cortner, Richard, A Mob Intent on Death: The NAACP and the Arkansas Riot Races. (Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1988).

Daniel, Pete. Shadow of Slavery: Peonage in the South, 1901-1969 (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1972).

Dillard, Tom, "Scipio A. Jones," Arkansas Historical Quarterly 31 (Autumn 1972), 201-19.

Dunaway, L.S., What a Preacher Saw Through a Key-Hole in Arkansas (Little Rock: Parke-Harper, 1925).

Fabre, Michael. The Unfinished Quest of Richard Wright (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993).

Ferguson, Bessie. "The Elaine Race Riot" (M.A. thesis, George Peabody College for Teachers, 1927).

Fourteenth Census of the United States Taken in the Year 1920, Volume 1 (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1921), 849.

Fourteenth Census of the United States, 1920, Agriculture, Vol.VI, Part 2, Table 4, 580, (Washington D.C.: GPO, 1922 ).

Gordon, Fon Louise. Caste and Class, the Black Experience in Arkansas, 1880-1920 (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1995).

Graves, John William. Town and Country: Race Relations in an Urban-Rual Context, Arkansas, 1865-1905 (Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1990).

Grossman, James R. Land of Hope: Chicago, Black Southerners, and the Great Migration, .

Gwaltney, Francis I. The Quicksand Years (London: Seker & Warburg, 1965).

Susan Huntsman, "Race Relations in Phillips County, 1895- 1920" (Unpublished honor's thesis, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 1996).

Helm, Levon and Davis, Stephen. This Wheel's on Fire: Levon Helm and the Story of the Band (New York: William Morrow and Company, 1993).

Holmes, William F. "Moonshiners and Whitecaps in Alabama, 1893," Alabama Review 34 (January 1981): 31-49.

Jones, Scipio. "The Arkansas Peons," The Crisis, December 1921, 72-76 and January 1922, 115-117.

Lisenby, Foy, Charles Hillman Brough: A Biography (Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1996).

Manuscript Census of Population, Mooney, Searcy and Tappan townships, Phillips County, 1920.

McCool, Boren B. Union, Reaction, and Riot: A Biography of a Rual Race Riot (Memphis: Memphis State University, 1970).

Moore v. Dempsey, 261 U.S. 86 (1923).

Ransom, Roger L. and Sutch, Richard. One Kind of Freedom: The Economic Consequences of Emancipation (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1977).

Rawick, George P. The American Slave: A Composite Autobiography (Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing, 1972), Vol. 9, pt. 4, 248.

Report of the Productions of Agriculture, Tenth Census (Washington, DC: GPO, 1883), XIII, 214.

Rogers, O.A. "The Elaine Race Riots of 1919, Arkansas Historical Quarterly 19 (Summer 1960): 142-150.

Smith, Calvin C. "Serving the Poorest of the Poor: Black Medical Practitioners in the Arkansas Delta, 1880-1960," Arkansas Historical Quarterly 57 (Autumn 1998):301-302.

U.S Bureau of the Census, Fourteenth Census of the United States: 1920 Agriculture (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1922) vol.4 pt.2, Table 10.

U.S. Bureau of the Census, United States Census of Agriculture: 1925. The Southern States (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1927), vol. 2, 920.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, "Farm Tenancy in Arkansas," Bureau of Agricultural Economics in cooperation with the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, (Washington, DC, 1941), 11.

U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Fifteenth Census of the United States: 1930. Characteristics of the Population for Counties, Cities, Townships, Alabama - Missouri (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1932), vol. 3, pt. 2, 180.

U.S. Industrial Commission, Industrial Commission Report on Agriculture and Agricultural Labor (Washington, D. C.: GPO, 1901), xviii.

Waskow, Arthur. From Race Riot to Sit-in, 1919 and the 1960s: A Study in the Connection between Conflict and Violence (Garden City, NY: Doubleday and Company, 1966).

Wells-Barnett, Ida B. The Arkansas Race Riot, (Chicago: Hume Job Print, 1920).

Whayne, Jeannie. A New Plantation South: Land, Labor, and Federal Favor in Twentieth Century Arkansas (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1996).

White, Walter, "'Massacring Whites' in Arkansas," The Nation, December 6, 1919, 715-716). "Truth Comes to Light When Unprejudiced Report is Given," Chicago Defender, November 1, 1919.

Woodruff, Nan Elizabeth. "African-American Struggles for Citizenship in the Arkansas and Mississippi Delta in the Age of Jim Crow," Radical History Review55 (Winter 1993):36-37,38, 42,46.

Wright, Richard. Black Boy, A Record of Childhood and Youth (New York: Harper and Bros., 1937).