Below are terms to know and a brief outline  for each chapter and from lectures.  The exam will be mostly, if not all, multiple choice.  It will also include a kinship diagram from which I will ask questions. 

I. Language (Chapter 4)

A. Descriptive linguistics--phonology, morphology and syntax; historical linguistics  

B. Language and culture—ethnolinguistics; Sapir-Whorf hypothesis; sociolinguistics

C. Silent language as part of symbolic communication

 

descriptive linguistics                             

phonology                                                  

phoneme

morpheme                                                   

syntaxethnoli

nguistics                                                      

historical linguistics

sociolinguistics                                        

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis                         

kinesics                                                       

Black English Dialect                              

lingua franca                                               

pidgin

creole

II. Subsistence Strategies (Chapter 5)

A. Models: evolutionary, ecological, and evolutionary-ecological models 

B. Foraging, horticulture, pastoralism , and agriculture as subsistence strategies  

neoevolutionary model         

Oldowan tools                          

Acheulean hand ax                  

eecological model                   

optimal foraging model        

evolutionary-ecological model                                                 

technology                               

traditions                                   

foraging                                     

carrying capacity                    

bands

family band                               

patrilocal band                         

reciprocity                                

generalized reciprocity          

balanced reciprocity               

negative reciprocity               

egalitarian                                 

low energy budget

horticulture                               

nomadic pastoralism              

transhumance                           

transhumance                           

slash and burn (swidden)       

nomadic pastoralism              

agriculture                                 

redistribution                           

market exchange

 

 

III. Kinship and Marriage (Chapter 6)  

A. Exogamy and Endogamy, the Levirate and the Sororate  

B. Marriage forms and functions: monogamy, polygamy, polygyny, polyandry, group marriage, sister exchange marriage

C. Mate choice and marriage finance: bridewealth and dowry

D. Family: family of orientation, of procreation, extended and expanded residence rules

E. Residence rules patrilocal (virilocal), matrilocal (uxorilocal), matrifocal, avunculocal, bilocal residence, matri-patrilocal

 

exogamy                                    

nuclear family                          

endogamy                                  

levirate                                       

sororate                                      

status                                          

role                                              

monogamy

polygamy                                  

polygyny                                  

polyandry                                  

sister exchange

cross cousin                              

parallel cousin                         

bridewealth                               

dowry                                          

half-marriage                            

family of orientation             

consanguineal kin                  

family of procreation

affinal kin                                 

kinship system                        

extended family                       

household

neolocal residence                  

patrilocal residence                

virilocal residence                  

shabano                                     

matrilocal residence               

uxurilocal residence                

matrifocal residence               

avunculocal residence            

bilocal residence                     

ambilocal residence                

matri-patrilocal residence

 

IV. Kinship and Descent (Chapter 7)

A. Functions of kinship systems; ideal versus real patterns of kinship  

B. Descent groups (study the various groups in the book)

C. Types of lineages 

D. Parallel and cross-cousins revisited; terminological systems  

 

role                                     

status                                 

ascribed status                 

achieved status                

descent group                  

lineage                              

patrilineage                     

agnates                              

matrilineage                    

bilateral descent kindred                                           

double descent                 

ambilineal descent         

clan                                    

totem

phratry                              

moiety                               

segmentary lineage       

cross-cousin                    

parallel cousin

kinship term                    

bifurcate

 

V. Sex and Gender (Chapter 8)

A. Factors affecting gender roles: kinship, economic resources, ideology

B. Perspectives on human sexual behavior; sexual attraction and behavior

 

gender                                                           

sex                                                                 

sexual dimorphism

gender role                                                  

heterosexuality                                          

homosexuality

mahu                                                             

berdache                                                       

Margaret Mead and early gender studies