Study Guide for Exam #1, Cultural Anthropology

I. Multiple Choice . Some of these are similar to those on your quizzes, but several will cover material assigned that I did not quiz you over, as well as aspects of the readings discussed in class and material from class presentations. Most, if not all, of your exam will be multiple choice with perhaps some true and false and matching.

II. You should know the terms below as they relate to Chapters 1-3 in Lenkeit, to Nomads of South Persia, part of the film I showed in class, as well as to lectures.

anthropology

cultural anthropology

ethnography

ethnology

archaeology

ecofact

prehistoric archaeology

artifact

features

site

historical archaeology

behavioral archaeology

cultural resource management (CRM)

experimental archaeology

applied archaeology

middens

linguistics

descriptive linguistics

historical linguistics

ociolinguistics

ethnolinguistics

biological anthropology

physical anthropology

biped

paleoanthropology

quadruped primatology

contemporary human variation studies

forensic anthropologist

holistic

comparative method

primates

humanistic anthropology

cultural relativism

cultural ethnocentrism

ethnic group

postmodernism

culture

attribute

enculturation

homogeneous cultures

innovation

invention

diffusion

ideal culture

real culture

subculture

microculture

race

cline

plasticity

melanin

UVB (ultraviolet radiation—wavelength)

UVR (ultraviolet radiation) folate

reflexive anthropology

culture shock

life shock

acculturate

rapport

string figures

participant observer

emic

etic

participant observation

random sample

stratified random sample

judgment sample

key informant

formal interview

structured interview

informal interview

unstructured interview

genealogical method

life history method

patrinileal

sororate

pastoral

agnates

endogamous

exogamous

types of sanctions

types of reciprocity

Zoroastrianism sedentarianism

transhumance

polygyny levirate

the Ghorbati

oulad

III. The outline below might help you organize your notes, and the web-site that goes with Lenkeit will also help.

I. The Scope of Anthropology and its Subfields  

A. Subfields of Anthropology Cultural Anthropology- Ethnography, Ethnology 

1. Archaeology and its subfields

2. Linguistics- Descriptive linguistics, Historical linguistics, Ethnolinguistics and Sociolinguistics 

3. Biological Anthropology, Paleoanthropology, Primatology, Contemporary Human variation studies, Forensic anthropology  

B. Cultural ethnocentrism and Cultural relativism  

C. Postmodernism in Anthropology

II. The Concept of Culture and some key figures (Tylor, Boas, Mead, White, Geertz, and others))

A. Cognitive processes, Behaviors, Material creations 

B. Characteristics of Culture 

C. Ideal Culture and Real Culture

D. Subcultures and Ethnic Groups, Race

III. Fieldwork in Cultural Anthropology 

A. Preparing for the Field, Ethics, Theoretical Models

B. Approaches to Ethnography--Classic ethnography, Reflexive ethnography

C. Culture shock, Life shock

D. Techniques of Gathering

IV. Sample Ethnography: The Basseri

A. Mode of Subsistence, Social Organization, Politics, and Economics

B. Review and fill in part of the chart in Lenkeit’s appendix on how to read an ethnography.